Role Of Canadas System Of Government - 1393 Words

Canada’s System of Government As Canadians, we are often curious on how others see us. We are happy to share how our country is structured as a means to contribute to the world forum of democratic expression. Based on traditional British government and a member of the Commonwealth, Canada unlike other democracy is not free of contestation attempts to strike a balance to both support citizen autonomy and public accountability (http://www.international.gc.ca/commonwealth/index.aspx?lang=eng). Seeped in symbolic and cultural linage of the British monarchy the Canadian government is a democracy which includes a mix of elected and appointed officials over three levels of government to allow for more influence in local matters. Canada has had†¦show more content†¦The electoral system is often criticized as Canadians do not directly vote for its Prime Minister as it is through proxy of a local MP and voting result of a leadership vote only open to political party members. http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=resdir=rec/fra/sys/courtneydocument=courtneylang=e. How is the Canadian Government Structured? Also known as the federal parliament, the Canadian Parliament is divided into three distinct branches: https://lop.parl.ca/About/Parliament/SenatorEugeneForsey/book/chapter_6-e.html Legislative Branch The Legislative Branch of government is composed of 308 elected MPs, appointed Senators who represent geographic regions of Canada and the Governor General of Canada who sit in the House of Commons and the Senate respectively. This branch has the responsibility to research, debate, amend and passes laws. In order to pass laws, they have to be drafted as bills and debated, by both sides of Parliament before it is receiving the symbolic approval by the governor general which would enact it into law. Figure 1- The Three Options of the Legislative Process depicts the three ways a bill is commonly pass originating from the House of Commons. http://www.ourcommons.ca/marleaumontpetit/DocumentViewer.aspx?DocId=1001Sec=Ch16Seq=6Language=E Executive Branch (https://www.ourcommons.ca/About/Compendium/ParliamentaryFramework/c_d_executivebranchgovernmentcanada-e.htm) In Canada, the Executive Branch ofShow MoreRelatedCanadian Waters Are Safe For Maritime Transportation945 Words   |  4 Pagesutilization of Canada’s abundant supply of natural resources which need to be exported around the globe by ship is a commitment given by the Government of Canada(GoC). Federal Government has taken concrete measures to convince Canadian public that the Canadian Waters are safe for maritime transportation. Following excerpts from various web sources explained government’s position on the issue. Canada’s oil sands are a major resource within Canada’s energy sector, accounting for 97 percent of Canada’s totalRead MoreEssay On Canadas Healthcare System867 Words   |  4 Pagesopportunity and freedom is not all Canada has to offer. Further, the natural beauty of Canada’s vast and beautiful lands come from various environments such as the Rocky Mountains, the tundra in the Arctic, and the farmland in the prairies. In the great white North, having access to a universal healthcare system, celebrating cultural diversity of the people and the educational opportunities are elements that contribute to Canada’s remarkable reputation. To appreciate the benefits of Canada, it is importantRead MoreThe Canadian International Development Agency897 Words   |  4 Pages2008, 122). The use of aid to promote human rights is aligned with Canada’s mission to promote â€Å"human security goals† (Barratt, 2008, 130). In most cases, â€Å"certainly human rights have played a role in punitive aid measures against specific aid recipients† (Barratt, 2008, 132). As in all areas of foreign aid, Canada has made â€Å"attempts to steer a middle course between many competing policy imperatives† (Barratt, 2008, 160). Canada’s aid policy has been the subject of significant criticism in recentRead MoreCanada s Recruitment During World War One841 Words   |  4 Pagesunderground railroad, it seems inherent that black individuals viewed Canada as safe haven where skin color did not matter at all. However, when world war one broke out, Canada’s response to black soldiers was racist because of their recruitment (or lack thereof), their role in the war, and a biased rewarding systems. Canada’s recruitment during world war one was arguably the most racist injustice inflicted on black individuals because the process revolved around skin colour. Despite black soldiersRead MoreHealth Care Systems: the U.S. vs. Canada1244 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States health care system is quite unique when compared to Canada’s health care system and those of other countries. Canada provides universal coverage, is privately run and is publicly funded through taxes. The U.S. is the only industrialized country that does not offer universal health coverage. The U.S. is said to be part of the developed world in terms of technology, well trained health professionals and job opportunities although when it comes to health outcomes it doesn’t do so wellRead MoreThe Canada Health Act And The Medical Care Act999 Words   |  4 Pageswith every complex system there will be challenges. In this case, there were many challenges varying from funding to teamwork. The authors conclude that the primary health care system is becoming clearer and 2 . Ihealth system from the history of the system and the current fundamentals. The author briefly explains how the federal government played a key role in advancing up the health care system in Canada. From the control system to funding sources, the author describes the role of the federal andRead MoreHow Electoral Systems Shape Election Results1327 Words   |  6 PagesHow Electoral Systems Shape Election Results: The Case of the 2015 Federal Election in Canada The 2015 Canadian Federal Election, which saw Justin Trudeau become the new Prime Minister, brought in the highest ever number of voters in Canadian history. Despite the high confidence of the Conservative party to win this election, many factors contributed to their defeat. Chief among these factors, which is the focus of this paper, pertains to the type of electoral system employed in Canada: the â€Å"first-past-the-post†Read MoreThe Electoral System Of Canada1312 Words   |  6 Pagespaper, pertains to the type of electoral system employed in Canada: the â€Å"first-past-the-post† (FPTP) or â€Å"single-member plurality.† This paper presents an analysis of the outcome of the 2015 election that is grounded in a discussion of how different electoral systems produce the particular structures that directly contribute to election results. Electoral systems have a significant impact on who becomes the leader of a nation. Specifically, the electoral system contributes to determining who is electedRead More Adapting Canada to the Future of a World With Scarce Water Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pageswarming on Canada’s freshwater system, the effects of pollution and will evaluate how Canada manages its freshwater now and what Canada can do to form policies that will adapt to the future crisis in Canada’s freshwater. Degradation of the Great Lakes The North American Great Lakes are the largest resource in freshwater lakes in the world. They contain 95 percent of North America’s freshwater and more than 20 percent of the world’s freshwater (Barlow, 2008). The Great Lakes play a prime role in CanadaRead MoreThe Issues Facing A New Canadian National Pharmacare Plan1495 Words   |  6 PagesPlan Introduction Since 1984, Canada has established a publicly funded healthcare system through the provisions of the â€Å"Canada Health Act,† which states that the objective of Canadian health care policy is to â€Å"facilitate reasonable access to health services without financial or other barriers† (â€Å"Canada Health Act† 1). However, many Canadians feel Canada’s healthcare system is financially restricting. This system does not cover many prescription drugs or speciality drugs, which are needed for 41%

Importance Of Heroism The Hero s Journey - 1188 Words

Zach Hodgkinson Global Lit 9/22/14 Class 9-2 Importance of Heroism A hero is defined as a person who is admired or for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. Heroes are people who make a positive difference in the world. All heroes embark on the same journey, known as the â€Å"hero’s journey†. The hero’s journey contains four vital steps. The steps in this intriguing journey are departure, followed by a transformation, then an understanding of their wisdom and finally, returning home and sharing what they did. Heroes such as Moses, Jesus, Mohammed and Ghandi went through these compelling stages in their lives. However, the clearest example of a hero is Jackie Robinson. Robinson, a retired baseball player, is best remembered for being the first african-american to play in the major leagues. His shattering of the color barrier is the sole reason black players are in the league today. There are two different types of heroes. The first type is a physical hero, one who performs an act that saves a life, or does anyth ing to aid someones life or well-being. The second type of hero is spiritual, one that goes through the four stages and learns something that they can share. In making a positive difference in the world,Show MoreRelatedHarry Potter And The Sorcerer s Stone969 Words   |  4 PagesA hero can be defined as someone who places themself at great risk, while performing acts of courage. This definition can be related in the epic poem, Beowulf, and the novel, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer s Stone. In each story, both leading characters are born destined to defeat the most evil creature in their world. Beowulf is the oldest surviving epic poem in the world. â€Å"Beowulf† was written in 1000 AD, in Old English form. In this poem the main character, Beowulf, challenges an evil monsterRead MoreThe Hobbit, Or There And Back Again1491 Words   |  6 PagesAmanda van der Merwe Wide Reading #4 - novel The Hobbit, or There and Back Again. â€Å"The world is not in your books and maps.† - J.R.R Tolkien.   Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Hobbit’, written by Tolkien which was published in 1937, follows the journey of a â€Å"reluctant hobbit† who sets out on a unexpected adventure to the Lonely Mountains, with a â€Å"spirited group† of dwarves and a â€Å"talented wizard†, to reclaim their mountain home - and the gold within it - from the dragon Smaug.   Through this dynamic text, Tolkien conveys toRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight And Beowulf1471 Words   |  6 PagesThe Merriam-Webster Dictionary states a hero is â€Å"a person who is admired for great or brave acts or fine qualities.† A hero is looked up to for the brave and noble things he or she has done. Although the characters and plots of â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† and â€Å"Beowulf† differ greatly from each other, the key themes of each of these works are quite similar. In both tales, the reader meets a hero who is endowed with mental, physical, and spiritual gifts that equip him for the task of confrontingRead MoreThe Epic Of Homer s Odyssey1433 Words   |  6 Pagesmale characters. The author presents the reader with a defined model by which a man should live, that is, Odysseys’ ways, but at the same time details what precedes this heroic stage through the account of Telemachus’ coming of age. Consequently, the hero ´s demise is illustrated through the depiction of Laertes’s humble decrepitude Grief-stricken young Telemachus is unable to take control of neither his kingdom nor his life. He is depicted as ineffectual in driving off the horrendous suitors that harassRead MorePortrayal Of Satan As A Hero1111 Words   |  5 PagesDeRosas Professor Julie Roth ENGL.2322.W31C 6 December, 2015 Milton?s Portrayal of Satan as a Hero In the poem of ?Paradise Lost?, critics disagree with Milton for portraying Satan as a hero, while many oppose it; others view it as Milton?s style. Even-though within the poem Milton carries the same moral concepts and ambiguity of Satan?s heroism which has been a topic of discussion for more than three centuries (Murphy). Aristotle?s idea of hamartia to a reading of ?Paradise Lost? is rational of thatRead MoreGilgamesh As A Hero1201 Words   |  5 Pagesto be a hero. It is evident in some great books one might even say. As in The Epic of Gilgamesh, Antigone, and The Iliad, heroism is displayed and exalted, but what does being a hero mean? Overarchingly, in regards to these works, the heroes earn their titles as heroes by notably doing what is right when the time is right, with humane purpose, and an everlasting message. However, Gilgamesh, Antigone, and Akhilleus, being different in their purposes, everlasting messages, type of heroism as wholeRead MoreVirgil s The Iliad And The Odyssey1403 Words   |  6 PagesVirgil s Aeneid takes a character form Homer’s Odyssey and constructs a life for him beyond Homer’s ideas. It is quite obvious that Virgil was heavily influenced by both Homer’s writings, The Iliad and the Odyssey. Both stories tell of parallel journeys home from Troy at the end of the Trojan War. Homer’s Odysseus is returning to Greece and the family he left behind ten years ago. Virgil’s Aeneas, in contrast has been given a direct command by the God, Mercury to create a new Empire. Both menRead MoreThe Legacy Of Nelson Mandela1647 Words   |  7 Pagesforgive, make him a true hero who set the precedent for the power of selflessness and determination in the eyes of an oppressor. One of the most important heroic qualities, is altruism. â€Å"The belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others† (Wikipedia) this belief is essential to the heroic formula, because in order for one to be heroic, their intentions must be more than his or her own self-interest. So, in in order to uncover the heroism of Mandela, we mustRead More The Immortal Heroes of Homer’s Iliad Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesIliad, a warrior can only attain heroism and immortality by embracing an early death. Jean-Pierre Vernant describes this paradox in his essay, â€Å"A ‘Beautiful Death’ and the Disfigured Corpse in Homeric Epic.† According to Vernant, heroes accept the fact that life is short and â€Å"devote themselves completely and single-mindedly to war, adventure, glory, and death† (53). 1 Curiously, this is because heroes overcome death only when they embrace it (57). The importance of death stems fr om the fact thatRead MoreRANSOM BY David Malouf Class Notes2751 Words   |  12 Pages They explore human nature and behaviour through major events that can often span generations and involve whole societies. The ancient city of Troy was roughly where the city of Truva is now located in Turkey. The first ruins were found in the 1800’s and excavations are still taking place. There is evidence that the ancient city was destroyed by war and rebuilt seven times. The Iliad was first written down about 800 BC. There have been many translations since. Malouf takes a very small, very personal

Reflection Paper On Ethical Leadership - 1721 Words

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on my thoughts on how I can utilize certain methods that will help shape the vision of the organization. I will explain how ethics play a role in leadership and decision making. This week I encountered multiple dilemmas which affected my actions at work, home, and school; in this paper I will exploit those dilemmas and how they are considered weakness that I incorporated in my IDP. Using last week s assignment to start an IDP, I came up with certain actions (part 3) to take to further advance myself as a leader. The reasoning behind these actions will show how proper ethical actions define a leader, and the influence it holds with the organization’s culture. Keywords: ethical leadership Being an†¦show more content†¦It is rare that a person can easily find their own faults, because they think that everything they do is right or justified. For the longest time this was me. As expressed by Urbany, Joel, Reynolds, and Phillips (2008), â€Å"Chief among these traps, especially regarding decisions that people later come to regret, is their failure to evaluate decisions in a comprehensive way that focuses on values trade-offs.† I thought I was a great leader, and there was nothing else that I could learn as a person. It was through the assessments and this week’s work reflection, I realized through regret there is so much work needs to be done. I have to acknowledge my downfalls willingly in order to correct them. I realized that my ambitions strive me to continually take on tasks. I felt overwhelmed this week because of these ambitions. I understand that my attitude at times can alter a situation because I have people looking at everythi ng that I do. Even though I tried to hide my true feelings for the best of the organization, my thoughts reflected in my actions. Two other weaknesses are time-management and organization. These two goes hand in hand and I realized that I suffer tremendously from lack thereof and have found multiple solutions to help enhance these weaknesses as I expressed in the IDP. I feel these two will be challenging as well because I realize that organization at work is limited. It is much more of filling in the gaps andShow MoreRelatedThe Growing Importance Of Ethical Business Managers942 Words   |  4 PagesThe Growing Importance of Ethical Business Managers Julia Shaw Hillary Shaw (2010) describe that the need for ethical business managers and practices has never been greater. Recent financial scandals have exposed issues in the management decision-making process, suggesting a need to develop the necessary analytical and empathetic qualities so future corporate leaders may be moral managers (Julia Shaw Hillary Shaw, 2010). This recent pattern of business misconduct (Michaelson, 2015) and single-mindedRead MoreEssay about Early Childhood Education Field1117 Words   |  5 Pagesprofessional development which has been demonstrated to have a profound impact on children’s holistic development and their performance prospects in society. This essay will focus on the development of effective professional practice among ECEs. The paper will critically evaluate the importance of developing professional practice among ECEs, how it is developed and the application in ECE’s practice. The essay will highlight how professional prac tice and core beliefs of ECEs are shaped by factors suchRead MoreEthical Self Assessment1015 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Ethical Self-Assessment Paper Sonya Smith HCS 545 Teela Carmack 04/13/2015 Ethical Self-Assessment Paper Healthcare professionals are faced with ethical dilemmas frequently in the healthcare industry and they have the ability to influence patient care outcomes. Healthcare professionals face difficult choices concerning what is best for the patients and can sometimes become entangled with ethical dilemmas. Ethical decision making helps the healthcare professionals make the difficultRead MoreEthics Reflection Paper785 Words   |  4 Pageshead: ETHICS REFLECTION Ethics Reflection STR/581 Ethics Reflection In the last decade ethics has taken an important place in corporate America after some unethical and fraudulent business practices getting uncovered. Few companies’ such as Tyco, Enron, Arthur Anderson, and WorldCom have made their name synonymous with corporate fraud. Unethical behavior of top executives like Bernard Madoff and Martha Stewart can sink the whole company. This paper will explain theRead MoreEthics Reflection Paper Str 581 Week 11312 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: WEEK 1; ETHICS REFLECTIONS PAPER Assignment: Week 1; Ethics Reflections Paper By Judith Judson STR 591 – Phoenix Campus University of Phoenix Facilitator: Dr. Mark Kolesinsky Week 1, July 18, 2012 Ethics Reflection Paper In the last decade, ethics in corporate America has become highly publicized following the discovery of unethical and fraudulent business practices in major corporations. Practices at Tyco, Enron, Arthur Anderson, and WorldCom, among others,Read MoreQualities Of An Effective Leader1211 Words   |  5 Pagesneeded for the new directions the organization decides to turn. This paper is to review the qualities of an effective leader. Also, the different strategies effective leaders use to ensure a positive outcome. Next, this paper will highlight the leadership qualities that hinders the learning process among the workers. This essay explores how ethic plays a role in the leaders’ decision making for the organization. Lastly, this paper review the effects of a few organizations when their leaders made decisionsRead MoreThe Ethical Dimension Of The Demise Of Enron Corporation1474 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper explores the ethical dimension of the demise of Enron Corporation a n reflection of author, placed in hypothetical situations. Accounting Fraud and Management philosophy will be the main discussion topics, along with the motivations of fraud. The fall of Enron can be directly attributed to a violation of ethical standards in business. This makes Enron unique in corporate history for the same actions that made Enron on of the fastest growing and most profitable corporations, at the turnRead MoreEmerging as a Servant Leader Essays864 Words   |  4 PagesTraditional theories of leadership include the great man, power bases, skills approach, style approach, contingency, and path-goal theories. Those are all very objectively based, not looking at the individual’s experiences, wants, needs, and idiosyncrasies. Then the emerging leadership theories came along, viewing leaders as unique individuals, instead of positions within an organization. These theories are relationship-heavy, focusing on the interactions between the leaders and the followe rsRead MoreBusiness Ethics, Leadership, And Business Relationships972 Words   |  4 Pages Business Ethics Samuel .A. Amah Columbia Southern University Abstract The reflection paper critically examines business ethics, leadership, and business relationships and how they are interrelated and contribute to an organization’s overall culture. Key highlights include; the impact of trade relationships within an origination, how different leadership style affect ethical practices, effects of ethics on the overall culture of an organization, writers approach to business ethics andRead MoreThe Ethics Of A Leader1604 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is a partnership between two or more people, so it is necessary to design a guideline that allows a leader to create an ethical organization. Even though leadership is impossible without followers, a person must first transform their own ethical theory into a process before they can teach or require ethical behavior from others. Leaders must incorporate their ethical beliefs and decision making template into everyday life. The personal ethics of a leader will cast a light on organizations

The Impact Of Technology On The World Of Statistical...

Introduction Technology is constantly changing and evolving – so it can be no surprise that it is having an effect on the world of statistical education. This paper takes a look at three different articles – The Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE) Report (Franklin et al., 2007), that presents information on statistical education as a whole and two other articles, Evaluating Data Analysis Software: The Case of TinkerPlots (Fitzallen, 2007) and The Role of Technology in Improving Student Learning of Statistics (Ben-Zvi, Chance, Garfield, and Medina, 2007) that provide a look at how technology is playing a role in facilitating that education. At a glance – it may seem as if The GAISE Report does not fit†¦show more content†¦It shows how statistics can influence our personal choices, citizenship, and our workplace/professions. The report then goes on to describe what statistical education should look like. The framework presented in the report is based off the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) and its Principles and Standards for School Mathematics published in 2000. The framework breaks down statistical education into four main components: 1. Formulate Questions †¢ Clarify the problem at hand †¢ Formulate one (or more) questions that can be answered with data. 2. Collect Data †¢ Design a plan to collect appropriate data †¢ Employ the plan to collect data 3. Analyze Data †¢ Select appropriate graphical and numerical methods †¢ Use these methods to analyze the data 4. Interpret Results †¢ Interpret the analysis †¢ Relate the interpretation to the original question (Franklin et al, 2007, p. 11) From there each component is broken down further into three different levels of understanding (A, B, C – with C being the highest level). Examples of satisfying or obtaining each level within each component are given and explained. The article also spends some time distinguishing what makes statistics different from mathematics and that difference is variability in the data. The framework provides an understanding for how variability effects each of the four components, in order; anticipating, acknowledging,

Black Gangster Disciple Nation Vs Mcdonalds Case Study

Generally, secret or hard-to-find information differentiates a group or institution in charge of it from those without access or knowledge. It attributes to the group an informational advantage which is carried out in terms of intimidation or (implicit) trust. Should the knowledge become public, this information asymmetry is abrogated and the group’s power diminishes. For example, the Ku Klux Klan in the US rose to power thanks to a self-created mythos and inside facts and rituals, but lost most of its appeal and influence once Stetson Kennedy published a large part of their secret information. The Black Gangster Disciple Nation and McDonald’s resemble each other in structural and organisational terms. Both are segregated into several†¦show more content†¦A lot of the topics touch on daily life issues and well known conventional wisdoms and thus leave some thought-provoking impact. However, Levitt, in the introduction of Freakonomics, declares economics to be a simple â€Å"science of measurement† depicting reality compared to and distinct from morality considered as ideals or utopias of that reality. In my opinion this statement underestimates the significance of economic theory in today’s world, is generalised and insufficient. Economic theory and measurements have strong implications, e.g. for the perception of national welfare, and consequently policies and regulations of a country which attributes to economics much more command than a mere supply of information. Furthermore, reality can hardly be described only by numbers since feelings and morality as foundations of our values and beliefs take a large and decisive part in life and our decisions, but can hardly be measured as such. Even the economic system of exchange is not only based on efficiency and quantitative terms but indeed on moral-based conduct as well. Overall, I consider explaini ng the world by mere measurements and a collection of factual data too simplistic. What most negatively occurred to me was that, at least partly due to Levitt’s deliberate distinction between morality and economics, no

The Judicial Branch free essay sample

The Judicial Branch is the most important branch of the United States government, due to the significant role it plays in interpreting and determining if laws are constitutional. Even though the Judicial Branch is the smallest in size and has smallest budget of any branch in our nation’s government, it exercises enormous power and is equal to other branches of the government because it has the power of Judicial Review. Judicial Review is the review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act. The Creation of the Federal Courts The Constitution defines the structure and functions of the legislative branch of the government. It clearly addresses the responsibilities and powers of the president. But, it treats the judicial branch almost as an afterthought. Article III specifically creates only one court (the Supreme Court), allows judges to serve for life and to receive compensation, broadly outlines original jurisdiction, and outlines the trial procedure for and limitations of congressional power against those accused of treason. Framers of the Constitution The framers of the Constitution were clearly more interested in their experiment with legislative government than in the creation of a judicial system. Had it not been for John Marshall, the third chief justice of the Supreme Court, the judicial branch might well have developed into a weak, ineffective check on the legislature and the presidency. But Marshall changed everything by interpreting a power implied by Article III. Judicial review, or the power of the courts to overturn a law, was the vehicle he used to create the most powerful judicial branch in the history of the world. Article III basically implied that â€Å"the judicial Power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish†. It also stated that â€Å"The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority,†. Writs A writ is a written court order requiring a party to perform or cease to perform a given act. Marshalls decision was to declare the writ of mandamus unconstitutional, claiming that Congress had passed a law repugnant to the Constitution. He declared that because Article III did not grant the judicial branch the power of the writ of mandamus, and so the Supreme Court was unable to order Madison to act. Of course, Jefferson and Madison were happy with the decision, and the crisis passed, with only a disgruntled prospective justice (Marbury) to protest. i How the Supreme Court gets the Final Word No one seemed to understand the grand implications of what Marshall had done: he had created the power of judicial review. This established the standard that only the federal courts could interpret the Constitution. This power has given federal judges the final word in settling virtually every major issue that has challenged the government in American history. Today, the judicial branch not only provides strong checks and balances to the executive and legislative branches; it possesses a tremendous amount of policy-making power in its own right. This power rests more on the standard of judicial review set by Marshall in 1803 than on the provisions of the Constitution. How the Judges and Justices of the Federal Courts are chosen The first of three ways Judges and Justices are chosen is the Nomination Process. The Constitution provides broad parameters for the judicial nomination process. It gives the responsibility for nominating federal judges and justices to the president. It also requires nominations to be confirmed by the Senate. But many vacancies do occur during a presidents term of office. Appointing judges, then, could be a full-time job. A president relies on many sources to recommend appropriate nominees for judicial posts. Recommendations often come from the Department of Justice, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, members of Congress, sitting judges and justices, and the American Bar Association. Some judicial hopefuls even nominate themselves. A special, very powerful tradition for recommending district judges is called senatorial courtesy. According to this practice, the senators from the state in which the vacancy occurs actually make the decision. A senator of the same political party as the President sends a nomination to the president, who almost always follows the recommendation. To ignore it would be a great affront to the senator, as well as an invitation for conflict between the president and the Senate. Presidents must consider many factors in making their choices for federal judgeships. Let’s start with the first of four factors, Experience followed by Political Ideology, Party and personal loyalties; finally they consider Ethnicity and gender. †¢Experience- Most nominees have had substantial judicial or governmental experience, either on the state or federal level. Many have law degrees or some other form of higher education. †¢Political ideology- Presidents usually appoint judges who seem to have a similar political ideology to their own. In other words, a president with a liberal ideology will usually appoint liberals to the courts. Likewise, conservative presidents tend to appoint conservatives. †¢Party and personal loyalties- A remarkably high percentage of a residents appointees belong to the presidents political party. Although political favoritism is less common today than it was a few decades ago, presidents still appoint friends and loyal supporters to federal judgeships. †¢Ethnicity and gender- Until relatively recently, almost all federal judges were white males. Today, however, ethnicity and gender are important criteria for appointing judges. In 1967, Lyndon Johnson appointed the first African American Supreme Court justice, Thurgood Marshall. In 1981, Ronald Reagan appointed the first woman to the Supreme Court, Sandra Day OConnor. All recent presidents have appointed African Americans, Latinos, members of other ethnic minority groups, and women to district courts and courts of appeal. The power of the Federal Courts Not everyone agrees on how much power the judicial branch should have. After all, federal judges and justices are appointed, not elected. As most Americans believe in democracy, shouldnt elected officials run the country? On the other hand, perhaps American government would be fairer if judges had even more power. Because they do not have to worry about reelection, they are relieved of the outside pressure of public opinion. After all, the majority is not always right. It is no accident that the Founders provided for elected officials in the legislature and appointed officials in the judiciary. They believed that freedom, equality, and justice are best achieved by a balance between the two branches of government. Checks on Judicial Power The president and Congress have some control of the judiciary with their power to appoint and confirm appointments of judges and justices. Congress also may impeach judges, alter the organization of the federal court system, and amend the Constitution. Congress can also get around a court ruling by passing a previous law declared unconstitutional by the Courts. Courts also have limited power to implement the decisions that they make. For example, if the president or another member of the executive branch chooses to ignore a ruling, there is very little that the federal courts can do about it. The power of the Courts The federal courts most important power is judicial review, or the authority to interpret the Constitution. When federal judges rule that laws or government actions violate the spirit of the Constitution, they profoundly shape public policy. For example, federal judges have declared over 100 federal laws unconstitutional. Another measure of the Supreme Courts power is its ability to overrule itself. In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that schools segregated by race were unconstitutional. This reversed the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision that upheld the doctrine of separate but equal. i For the most part, though, federal courts do have a great deal of respect for previous decisions. A very strong precedent called stare decisis (let the decision stand) directs judges to be cautious about overturning decisions made by past courts. i Judicial Activism versus Judicial Restraint Judicial Activism is an interpretation of the U. S. constitution holding that the spirit of the times and the needs of the nation can legitimately influence judicial decisions (particularly decisions of the Supreme Court). While Judicial Restraint is a theory of judicial interpretation that encourages judges to limit the exercise of their own power. The lack of agreement regarding the policy making power of courts is reflected in the debate over judicial activism versus judicial restraint. Judicial activists believe that the federal courts must correct injustices that are perpetuated or ignored by the other branches. Supporters of judicial restraint point out that appointed judges are immune to public opinion, and if they abandon their role as careful and cautious interpreters of the Constitution, they become unelected legislators. Despite the debate over what constitutes the appropriate amount of judicial power, the United States federal courts remain the most powerful judicial system in world history. Their power is enhanced by life terms for judges and justices, and they play a major role in promoting the core American values of freedom, equality, and justice. Conclusion That is why I believe the Judicial Branch is the strongest branch of the Government. Because not only does it interpret laws and declare if they are constitutional, they also execute their power of Judicial Review. They also have extensive power due to their ability to deny any court case, also higher up courts in the Federal Court System can accept those denied cases. Such as The Supreme Court did in the instance of Brown V. Board of Education, and Plessy V. Ferguson.

Business and Strategy of Hubbard-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business And Strategy of Hubbards Food Ltd. Answer: Introduction Breakfast cereals and food products are important component in Fast Moving Consumer Goods industry reflecting greater demand basket of core population. Manufacturing of food products in scientific method and deliverance ensure quality and quantity to serve mass with the core necessity of life (West, Ford and Ibrahim 2015). Discussion is presented in report format on how the company, Hubbards Food Ltd. came into existence and thrived sustainably over years. Discussion And Anlysis Of Growth Hubbards Food Ltd. is an eminent brand for manufacturing of breakfast cereals in New Zealand. Specifically Auckland based, the company started off the remarkable journey of food supply business in the year of 1988 with the name Winner Foods founded by Dick Hubbard. Within 20 years of inception, the company managed a turnover of NZ$38 million with third highest market place after the brands like Sanitariums and Kelloggs. The products of the company solely concentrate in ready to eat breakfast cereal items. Popular items among consumers include Fruitful Lite, Berry berry Nice, Berry Berry Lite, Amazing Muesli and Light Right available in range of flavours (Rosenbaum-Elliott Percy and Pervan 2015). The manufacturing process has conferred employment to 128 people by the end of 2008 (James 2015). The founder, the long term work experience of Dick Hubbard who started as food technologist at a tropical fruit factory on a Pacific island and later as general manager of local food manufacture r encouraged him for the start up in food industry generally aimed to produce bulk of cereals for supermarket sale. The initial years till 1992 financial hardship has been part and parcel and the destiny took turn with introduction of muesli that helped the company gain much popularity with huge amount of sale at supermarkets. From 1993 the growth of the company was visible in form of the outlet expansion and stuff recruitments to assist the business. The expanding demand created impetus to set up new factory at Mangere, Auckland. In the year 2001, the company had board of directors to consider and deal with the interests of stakeholders. The production strategy that was undertaken by Hubbards was focused on technology mostly operated by human than totally depending on machineries (Armstrong et al. 2014). The morale behind such decision was to perform social responsibility towards local people creating and encouraging employment. Business Environment And Impact From the very beginning the company faced challenges mostly financial and problems of brand recognition among the already established brands taking over the chunk of market share. The products having the root in fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry encountered much of local as well as global threats from the advent of 2000. The structure of FMCG market in New Zealand is highly erratic and competitive within the sub domain of breakfast cereal markets having low margins that is offset by prodigious supply chain. Moreover the taste and preference of consumers differ based on seasonality which predicts demands to be high by 10% in summer than in winter. Moreover the existence of rival brands like Kelloggs, Sanitarium and Uncle Tobys who also acquires top position in market creates much more market competition for Hubbards. Sanitarium is New Zealand based company having existence of 100 years so far (Hinton and Hamilton 2013). Their products include cornflake, weet-bix which have st rong focus on philosophies of healthy living and vegetarianism that enable it to capture huge market share both in cereals bar market as well as breakfast-in-drink market. Sanitarium and Hubbards almost have same production inputs that can be used as perfect substitute of each other in cases of emergency or shocks in availability that further creates a competitive atmosphere between the entities. Other two brands have their roots in Australia. Kelloggs originated in 1920 and has large market power in both Australia and New Zealand where it gives competition to popular brands like Coco Pops, Special K and Nutri-Grain. Uncle Tobys on the other hand specializes more on breakfast cereals and some the products like Vita Brits; Fruity Bites have greater influence in cereal bar market (Devi et al. 2014). The company now offers 12 kinds of different toasted muesli once started only with simple oat bran muesli. Other than muesli, product lines include bran flakes and oats cereals. The products are gluten free, includes flavour of fruits that are grown both in New Zealand and tropical countries. The brand provides manufacturing and supply to few super market pri vate brands that offers rice puffs and cornflakes at low price and such is excluded from their competition scale. The maintenance of quality along with variety in list of items that Hubbards produce, help the brand gain consistent differentiation in the products compared to the established competitors. This further consolidated the brand among consumers creating popularity and brand faith. Business Strategy To survive and sustain, Hubbards continued the core strategy of providing higher quality of goods without any compromise along with promoting and maintaining corporate social responsibilities. Dick Hubbard initiated New Zealand Business for Social Responsibility (NZBSR) in the year 1998 which is one of the founding members of New Zealand Business Council for Sustainable Development (NZBCSD). The company focused on evoking sustenance of mind, body soul among the people associated with the brand. It successfully conducted campaigns that call for waste management and eradication enlightening both employees and consumers as whole. It involves in recycling of papers, aluminium and plastic containers, plastic wraps, cardboards toner cartridges and so on.. Another remarkable strategy adopted by the brand is vast base of shareholders that include employees, customers and wider community along with various financial investors. The authority keeps the shareholders base intact as well as growin g by sharing the profits among them and also local schools, non profit organisation and community organizations. The informal communication atmosphere within employees and between management and employee prevents collision and conflictions of perception (Kumar and Reinartz 2012). This consolidated and growing faith upon the brand can further be taken into new level in form of higher growth and expansion of the business if the company adopts diversification of the products line it currently has (Grunert and Traill 2012). The popularity it has already earned by providing quality in breakfast cereals can now be channelized into creating new business in the market. It can introduce various other FMCG food items like dried fruits, fruit juice, bakery and confectionary products, biscuit, cookies and chocolates (Thain and Bradley 2014). SWOT Anaysis SWOT analysis describes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to assess the business as a whole. Thus, the SWOT analysis of Hubbard is as follows:- Strengths- The product highly delivers brand recognition and its innate quality provides it some greatest advantage. Based on the benefits of the cereals they sell their strength is its nutritional value. Weaknesses- As we know in these types of food related companies any strength can be its biggest weakness. However, its main weaknesses are those areas of the product that the company need to address properly and work on that part to get it eliminated as soon as possible. Thus, with the growing competitions and different tasty cereals in the market, Hubbard should come up with more tasty and variety of cereals. Opportunities- Change in consumers preferences can be its weaknesses. They must keep a tract that how customers are consuming their products. The competitors weakness also adds as an opportunity in these kinds of businesses. Threats- The external markets are its biggest threats that can possibly harm the demand of the product of this company. The change in the preferences of the customers, the growing strengths of the competitors and chance in the economy can all be threats to this business. PESTEL Anaysis PESTEL analysis is used to analyse the external marketing environment that has an impact on the organization. However, P denotes the political, E denotes economic, S for social, T for technological, E for environmental and lastly, L for legal factors affecting the business. Thus, the PESTEL analysis of Hubbard is as follows Political factors- Political factors are basically those were the influences on the business. Therefore for this particular industry- Free trade arrangement The standards of the labours in the developing countries Regulations on the organic and genetically modified organisms (GMO) food Economic factors- Stability of the economic condition of the country Higher rate of employment The increasing cost of labours in the counties those are developing Social factors- The growing emphasis on the healthy lifestyles of the population in New Zealand Expansion of cultural diversity in the country Enlarging gap in wealth among the people Technological factors- There is an expansion in the automation in this business With the growing time there is an increase in the usage of the mobile technology An invention of GMOs Environmental factors- Global warming or any changes in the climate Waste disposal More emphasis on the business sustainability Legal factors- Environmental protection law Antitrust law Insufficient laws of labour. Conclusion Tracking the timeline of Hubbards existence it is evident that the company underwent different stages in the business life cycle through past 29 years. The company has been able to achieve huge market share in the breakfast cereal market even amidst the presence of numerous competitors due to the adopted business strategies combined with philosophies catering to social responsibilities References Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. De Mooij, M., 2013.Global marketing and advertising: Understanding cultural paradoxes. Sage Publications. Devi, A., Eyles, H., Rayner, M., Mhurchu, C.N., Swinburn, B., Lonsdale-Cooper, E. and Vandevijvere, S., 2014. Nutritional quality, labelling and promotion of breakfast cereals on the New Zealand market.Appetite,81, pp.253-260. Grunert, K.G. and Traill, B., 2012.Products and process innovation in the food industry. Springer Science Business Media. Hinton, M. and Hamilton, R.T., 2013. Characterizing high-growth firms in New Zealand.The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation,14(1), pp.39-48. Hjort, K., Lantz, B., Ericsson, D. and Gattorna, J., 2013. Customer segmentation based on buying and returning behaviour.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,43(10), pp.852-865. James, C., 2015.New Territory: The Transformation of New Zealand, 198492. Bridget Williams Books. Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2012.Customer relationship management: Concept, strategy, and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Rosenbaum-Elliott, R., Percy, L. and Pervan, S., 2015.Strategic brand management. Oxford University Press, USA. Thain, G. and Bradley, J., 2014.FMCG: The power of fast-moving consumer goods. First Edition Design Pub.. West, D.C., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press.